SQL Injection

SQL Injection is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to manipulate SQL queries by injecting malicious SQL code into input fields, such as search bars or login forms, in an application. This can lead to unauthorized access to a database, data theft, data modification, or even complete control over the system.

Key components of SQL injection include:

• Exploiting Input Fields: Attackers inject harmful SQL code into input fields, which is then executed by the database, potentially exposing or modifying sensitive data.
• Authentication Bypass: SQL injection can allow attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms, gaining unauthorized access to the application.
• Data Exfiltration: Attackers may retrieve sensitive data, such as usernames, passwords, or financial information, from the database through injected SQL queries.
• Database Manipulation: Malicious SQL code can be used to modify, delete, or insert data into the database, affecting application integrity and security.
• Prevention Techniques: To prevent SQL injection, developers should use prepared statements, parameterized queries, input validation, and proper error handling to ensure that user input is safely processed.
• Security Testing: Regular penetration testing and vulnerability scanning help identify and mitigate SQL injection risks by testing input fields and query handling mechanisms.

SQL injection is one of the most common and dangerous vulnerabilities in web applications, and securing applications against it is essential to protect sensitive data and maintain system integrity.