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A
A testing method where two versions of a webpage or app are compared to see which one performs better with users, helping improve design or functionality.
The process of testing application programming interfaces (APIs) to ensure they function correctly, securely, and meet performance expectations.
A set of predefined conditions that a software feature or product must meet to be considered complete and acceptable by stakeholders.
A testing phase where the system is validated against business requirements to ensure it meets customer needs before deployment.
An informal testing approach where testers randomly explore the software without predefined test cases to find unexpected bugs and issues.
An early testing phase where developers and internal testers check a product for bugs and usability before it is tested by real users.
A process to verify if a user or device is who they claim to be before allowing access. It uses passwords, biometrics, or multi-factor authentication for security.
Ensuring that data, identities, or documents are real and not altered. It prevents fraud, tampering, and unauthorized changes in digital communication or system access.
Determines what an authenticated user can access or do. It assigns permissions based on roles, ensuring users only access information they are allowed to see.
B
A software development methodology that encourages collaboration between developers, testers, and business stakeholders. BDD uses simple, readable language to define system behavior.
The final phase of software testing before release, where real users test the software to find any remaining bugs or issues that were not identified during earlier testing phases.
A security test where the tester has no prior system knowledge, simulating a real cyberattack to find vulnerabilities without knowing how the system works internally.
A testing method where the tester evaluates software functionality without knowing its internal code, focusing on inputs and expected outputs.
A testing technique that checks the limits of input values to ensure a system handles edge cases correctly and prevents unexpected errors.
The process of actively searching for software bugs by exploring the application, running tests, and identifying defects before release.
C
Testing the functionality and user interactions through a command-line interface, ensuring commands produce correct outputs and handle errors robustly.
A security attack where malicious code is inserted into a system to exploit vulnerabilities, often used in SQL injection or cross-site scripting (XSS).
A testing method that focuses on verifying individual software components or modules to ensure they work correctly before integration with other parts of the system.
A software development practice where code changes are frequently merged into a shared repository, allowing automated tests to run and ensuring new code doesn’t break existing functionality.
A testing approach where automated tests are run frequently throughout the software development lifecycle to catch defects early and ensure quality.
A type of API testing that checks if different services in a system communicate correctly by verifying request and response formats.
A measure of how much of the code or system is tested during automated testing. Higher coverage means more code is verified, improving software reliability.
Verifying that a website or web application renders and behaves consistently across different web browsers, ensuring a uniform user experience.
Leveraging a distributed group of testers (the “crowd”) to identify bugs, usability issues, and edge cases at scale, often under diverse real-world conditions.
D
Using various input datasets to drive test scenarios, allowing broader coverage by systematically validating functionality with multiple data sets.
The process of finding and fixing defects or issues in a software program by analyzing its code and behavior to resolve errors and improve functionality.
An issue or flaw in the software that causes it to behave incorrectly or fail to meet user requirements. Defects are typically identified during testing.
A metric that measures the number of defects found in a software component per unit of code, helping assess software quality.
A software program that helps a device or application communicate with an operating system, enabling automation and system operations like interacting with browsers or databases.
A security test that scans live applications for weaknesses like SQL injection or cross-site scripting, helping identify security flaws while the application is running.
E
A method of converting data into unreadable code to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access, commonly used in messaging, banking, and online security.
A testing approach that verifies the complete flow of an application, ensuring all integrated components work together as expected.
Evaluating a system’s stability and performance over an extended period, identifying issues such as memory leaks or performance degradation that emerge during prolonged use.
A large, high-level user story in Agile software development, usually broken into smaller tasks or stories for easier tracking and implementation.
A test design technique that divides input data into groups where test cases are created to reduce redundant testing while covering all scenarios.
A mistake in software or a system that causes incorrect results, unexpected behavior, or failures, often due to bugs, coding mistakes, or misconfigurations.
A professional who uses hacking techniques to identify security vulnerabilities in a system legally, helping organizations strengthen their defenses against malicious attacks.
Conditions or requirements that must be fulfilled to conclude a testing phase or project, ensuring the necessary level of quality and coverage has been reached.
The predicted system behavior or output defined by test conditions, which helps determine whether a test has passed or failed during execution.
A hands-on approach where testers actively explore an application without predefined test cases, identifying issues through intuition and experience.
F
Occurs when a test or system does not perform as expected, usually due to errors, defects, or discrepancies in functionality during testing or operation.
A backup mechanism in a system that automatically switches to a standby system when the primary one fails, ensuring continuous service availability.
Occurs when a system, application, or function does not perform as expected, often due to software bugs, security breaches, or hardware malfunctions.
A security system that controls and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic, blocking unauthorized access while allowing safe communication between devices.
A type of testing that verifies whether the system or application behaves as expected by checking its features, functions, and interactions based on specified requirements.
G
Testing that focuses on the graphical user interface (GUI) to ensure buttons, menus, forms, and other UI elements work as expected.
I
A structured approach to detecting, managing, and recovering from cyberattacks or security breaches, aiming to minimize damage and restore normal operations quickly.
A type of testing that checks how different components or systems work together. It ensures that the interaction between modules or services is smooth and error-free.
A software development approach where a project is broken into small cycles, allowing improvements and adjustments in each iteration based on feedback.
L
A type of performance testing that simulates heavy usage of a system to determine how it behaves under high traffic or stress, identifying potential bottlenecks or performance issues.
M
Malicious software like viruses, ransomware, or spyware designed to damage, steal data, or gain unauthorized access to systems and networks.
A situation where a program continuously consumes memory without releasing it, leading to decreased system performance and potential crashes over time.
A measurable value used to assess software performance, security, or efficiency, helping teams track progress and improve system reliability.
A software tool used to track system performance, detect errors, and analyze logs to ensure smooth operation and quick issue resolution.
N
A testing approach where invalid or unexpected inputs are used to check how well a system handles errors and prevents failures.
A process to find vulnerabilities in a network using scans and penetration testing to prevent cyberattacks and unauthorized access.
Testing that checks system performance, security, usability, and other quality attributes instead of focusing on functional correctness.
P
A test design method that reduces the number of test cases by selecting input combinations that cover all possible pairs of variables efficiently.
A simulated cyberattack to find security weaknesses in applications, networks, or systems, helping organizations improve security before real hackers exploit vulnerabilities.
A broad category of testing aimed at evaluating the speed, responsiveness, and stability of a system under varying conditions, ensuring it can handle expected workloads efficiently.
A tool used to measure software speed, stability, and scalability under different loads to ensure it performs well under various conditions.
A cyberattack where attackers trick users into revealing sensitive information, like passwords or credit card details, using fake emails or websites.
Q
The measure of how well a product or system meets expectations, ensuring reliability, security, and performance for users.
Processes that check whether software functions correctly before release, ensuring it meets quality standards through testing, bug tracking, and improvements.
The process of ensuring that a product or service meets quality standards by inspecting, testing, and verifying the final output before release.
The process of overseeing and improving the quality of a product or service by ensuring that it meets standards and fulfills customer needs through continuous monitoring and adjustments.
R
The gradual increase in system load or users during performance testing to observe how it handles increasing traffic over time.
A type of testing conducted after changes to a system or application to ensure that new updates haven’t caused new issues or broken existing functionality.
A specific need or condition that a system or product must meet, usually documented during planning and used to guide design and testing efforts.
A meeting in Agile development where teams review completed work, discuss challenges, and find ways to improve in the next development cycle.
The chance of something going wrong in a system, such as security issues, data loss, or performance failures, potentially causing harm.
The process of identifying and evaluating risks to determine their potential impact, helping organizations prioritize actions to minimize or manage these risks.
The process of identifying and analyzing risks to determine their impact and likelihood, helping organizations take preventive measures.
The process of identifying, assessing, and minimizing risks in software development to ensure a stable and secure system.
The process of recognizing potential risks in a project, such as security threats or software failures, to plan for their prevention or mitigation.
Assessing the potential consequences and severity of identified risks on objectives, timelines, or system stability, helping prioritize and manage them effectively.
A measure of the potential impact and likelihood of a defect or issue affecting software functionality, security, or performance.
The primary reason for a problem or issue. Identifying the root cause helps in solving the problem effectively and preventing it from recurring in the future.
A method used to find the main reason behind a problem and prevent it from happening again in the future.
S
A security vulnerability where an attacker inserts malicious SQL code into a query, potentially allowing unauthorized access to a database or manipulation of data.
Measuring a system’s ability to handle increasing loads, user volumes, or data growth without significant performance degradation or resource constraints.
The process of verifying that data structures, such as databases or APIs, follow a predefined format and meet consistency rules.
Protecting systems, data, and networks from attacks, unauthorized access, and vulnerabilities using security measures like encryption and firewalls.
A review of an organization's security policies, procedures, and systems to find weaknesses and ensure compliance with security standards.
A document that outlines security rules, procedures, and guidelines to protect an organization’s data and systems from cyber threats.
The level of impact a defect or issue has on a system’s functionality. A high-severity defect causes major problems, while a low-severity defect causes minimal impact.
A testing approach that involves performing testing earlier in the software development lifecycle to detect and fix issues sooner.
A testing approach that focuses on testing in live production environments, collecting real-world data, and improving software after deployment.
A tool that mimics the behavior of hardware or software in a controlled environment, allowing developers to test systems or applications without using the real device or system.
A basic test run to check if a software application’s critical functions work properly before deeper testing begins. It helps detect major issues early.
The stages of software development, including planning, designing, developing, testing, deploying, and maintaining a software product over time.
Examining system behavior under sudden, extreme increases in load to identify bottlenecks, performance limits, and areas needing optimization.
A security test that scans source code for vulnerabilities before the application runs, helping developers fix issues early.
A type of performance testing that pushes a system beyond its normal capacity to see how it handles extreme conditions and unexpected loads.
T
An evaluation process to check if a system or software works correctly, meets requirements, and performs without issues.
Determining the scope, approach, and specific testing activities by examining requirements, risks, and objectives to outline a test strategy.
The use of scripts and tools to automatically execute test cases, reducing manual effort and speeding up the testing process.
A professional responsible for creating and managing automated test scripts, ensuring software is tested efficiently with minimal manual effort.
A structured setup with tools and libraries that help automate software testing, making the testing process faster and more reliable.
A set of steps, conditions, and expected results used to verify if a specific part of a system works as expected.
Monitoring testing progress against plans, making adjustments as needed to address emerging issues, changes in scope, or shifting priorities.
The input values used during testing to check how a system behaves under different conditions, including valid, invalid, or edge case data.
The process of creating, storing, and maintaining test data to ensure realistic and accurate testing conditions without affecting live data.
Transforming high-level test objectives into detailed test cases, specifying inputs, expected results, and execution steps to ensure thorough validation.
A setup that includes hardware, software, and network configurations used to test an application under controlled conditions.
Running planned tests against the software, comparing actual outcomes to expected results, and logging any discrepancies or defects.
The planning, organization, and execution of testing activities, ensuring that software testing is efficient, structured, and meets quality goals.
A document outlining the testing strategy, scope, objectives, resources, and schedule for a testing process to ensure software quality.
The process of defining testing objectives, scope, resources, schedule, and approach to ensure a smooth and effective testing process.
An overarching framework of practices and steps (planning, design, execution, reporting, etc.) that guide testing activities throughout a project.
A document that summarizes test activities, findings, defects, and overall software quality to help stakeholders make informed decisions.
A set of automated or manual instructions written to execute test cases, validate functionality, and check system behavior under specific conditions.
A person responsible for evaluating software or systems to find defects, verify functionality, and ensure that the product works as expected before release.
A process of checking a system or software for bugs, security issues, and performance problems before release.
A process of identifying possible security threats in a system and finding ways to prevent cyberattacks before they happen.
The ability to track requirements, test cases, and defects throughout the development lifecycle, ensuring that every requirement is tested and verified.
A document that maps requirements to test cases, ensuring all requirements are tested and no functionality is overlooked.
U
A specialized tool or library designed to automate the creation, execution, and reporting of low-level tests focused on individual components or modules of software.
Testing conducted to ensure that a product or system is user-friendly and meets the needs of its target audience, focusing on ease of use and user experience.
The final testing phase where real users verify if the software meets their needs and business requirements before it is officially launched.
A brief, simple description of a feature from the user's perspective. It helps define system functionality and guides development efforts in Agile projects.
V
A process to confirm if a system or software meets business needs and user expectations before deployment.
Checking if a system meets design and coding requirements before testing or deployment, ensuring it functions as expected.
A testing method that checks UI design, layout, and graphical elements to ensure they appear correctly across different devices and screen sizes.
A security review that identifies and ranks weaknesses in a system, helping organizations fix them before cybercriminals exploit them.
W
A test to find and fix security flaws in websites, preventing attacks like SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS).
A security test where testers have full system knowledge, such as code and architecture, to find vulnerabilities more effectively.
A testing method where the tester examines internal code, logic, and structure to ensure correct implementation and identify security flaws.
